Plants Found on the Fort Hall Indian Reservation
and/or Southeastern Idaho
Originally Identified and Cataloged
by Thomas Nuttall.
Plants by
Common and Scientific Family
Alphabetical
List of Plants Found by Nuttall
Idaho plants
found by Lewis and Clark
References
In 1832 and 1833 on his first trip to the Rocky Mountains and Oregon, Nathaniel Wyeth collected several plant specimens which he sent to the well known biologist Thomas Nuttall (1786-1859). Nuttall was one of the foremost botanical explorers of North America. He collected plants on journeys through the Great Lakes basin and along the length of both the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers (1810-1811), into what is now Oklahoma (1818-1820), and across the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific (1834-1836).
Born in England in 1786, Nuttall first arrived in the United States in 1808. During his visits to the New World from 1808 to 1834 Nuttall traveled extensively to identify and catalogue hundreds of unknown plant and animal species along the upper Missouri, the Mississippi, the Ohio, the Great Lakes, the Arkansas Territory, and the Atlantic States. It was reported that no other explorer of the botany of North America personally made more discoveries than Thomas Nuttall. Many of the the plants from the Nuttall collection are now in the British Museum in London, England.
There was a direct connection between Nuttall and Frederick Pursh who cataloged the plants discovered by Lewis and Clark on their expedition. Nuttall shared some of his new plants with Pursh, who was preparing his flora of North American, which included the plants of Lewis and Clark, many of which were found in what is now Idaho. It was noted that there were many species in common and Pursh included the Nuttall plants in his publication.
In 1834 when Nathaniel Wyeth made his second trip to the Rocky Mountains and on to Oregon, he was accompanied by Nuttall. In crossing what is now westernmost Nebraska, Wyoming, and southern Idaho, Nuttall was in a area never before seen by any biologist.
When Wyeth built Fort Hall in July 1834, Nuttall explored the area that is now the Fort Hall Indian Reservation. At Fort Hall Nuttall recorded that he first saw the American Magpie and found the Dusky Willow (Salix melanopsis Nutt.). Studies on the Fort Hall Reservation conducted in the 1990's revealed many plant species that bear Nuttall's name.A project is currently underway at the Fort Hall Replica to surround the Replica with plants that are indigenous to southeastern Idaho and particularly the native species found in the vicinity of Wyeth's Fort Hall. While a wide range of trees, shrubs, flowers, herbs, and grasses are available for use in the project, special emphasis will be placed on collecting and planting species of plants first identified by Thomas Nuttall, many of which he discovered on his trek with Nathaniel Wyeth in 1834.
Plants by Common and Scientific Family
NOTICE: Many of the plants listed below may be used as food or medicine. Great care should be taken before using any plant without full knowledge and understanding of potential dangers.
COMMON FAMILY NAME |
SCIENTIFIC FAMILY |
|
Common Plant Name (Click on Plant Name for additional information) |
Scientific Plant Name and Its Authority | |
ASTER FAMILY | ASTERACEAE | |
Senecio hydrophilus Nutt. |
||
Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt. |
||
Artemisia tridentata Nutt. ssp. tridentata |
||
Rudbeckia occidentalis Nutt. var occidntalis |
||
Arnica chamissonis Less. ssp. foliosa Nutt. |
||
Sphaeromeria argentea Nutt. |
||
Clasping Arnica | Arnica amplexiculis Nutt. | |
Achillea millefolium var. lanulosa (Nutt.) Piper |
||
Edible Thistle | Cirsium edule Nutt. | |
Elk Thistle | Cirsium scariosum Nutt, | |
Chrysothamus nauseosus (Pall.) Britt |
||
var. albicaulis (Nutt.) Rydb. | ||
Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus (Hook.) Nutt |
||
var. lanceolatus (Nutt.) Greene | ||
Balsamorhiza hooken Nutt. var. hispidula (sharp) Cronq. |
||
Large-leafed Balsamroot | Balsamorhiza macrophylla Nutt. | |
Largeflower Brickellia (Tassleflower) | Brickellia grandiflora Nutt. | |
Largeflower Hawksbeard | Crepis occidentalis Nutt. | |
Solidago nana Nutt. |
||
Antennaria dimorpha (Nutt.) T. & G. |
||
Artemisia arbuscula Nutt. var. nova (A. Nels.) Cronq |
||
Gnaphalium palustre Nutt. |
||
Mountain False Dandielion | Agoseris heterophylla Nutt. | |
Wyethia amplexicaulis Nutt. |
||
Viguiera multiflora (Nutt.). Blake var. multiflora |
||
Helianthus nuttallii T & G. |
||
Prairie Coneflower | Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Wooton & Standl. | |
Prairie Goldenrod | Solidago missouriensis Nutt. | |
Prairie Sunflower | Helianthus petiolaris Nutt. | |
Rabbitbrush | Chrysothamnus nauseosus (Pall.) Britton | |
var albicaulis Nutt. | ||
Helianthellia uniflora (Nutt.) T. & G. var. nuttallii |
||
Lygodesmia grandiflora (Nutt.) T.& G. |
||
Short Rayed Alkali Aster | Aster frondousus (Nutt.) T. & G. | |
Erigeron speciosus (Lindl.) DC |
||
var. macranthus (Nutt.) Cronq | ||
Showy Goldeneye | Viguiera multiflora (Nutt,) S. F. Blake | |
Small Wire Lettuce | Stephanomeria exigua Nutt. | |
Erigeron gabellus Nutt. var. gabellus |
||
Sneezeweed | Helianthella autumnale L. var. montanum (Nutt.) Fern. | |
Spiny Horsebrush | Lagothamnus microphyllus Nutt. var. spinosa | |
Lygodesmia spinosa Nutt. |
||
Streambank Arnica | Arnica amplexicaulis Nutt. | |
Iva xanthifolia Nutt. |
||
Aster integrifolius Nutt. |
||
Erigeron filifolius Nutt. var. filifolius |
||
Thoroughwort. | Brickella oblongifolia Nutt, | |
Wavy Leaf Thistle | Ciraiium undulatum (Nutt.) Spreg. | |
Western Aster | Aster occidentalis (Nutt.) Torr. & Gray | |
Western Coneflower | Rudbeckia occidentials Nutt. | |
Euthamia occidentalis Nutt. |
||
Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. var. latiloba Nutt. |
||
Wyethia helianthoides Nutt. |
||
White Thistle | Cirsium hookerianum Nutt. | |
Artemisia tridentata Nutt. |
||
ssp. wyomingensis Beeetle & Young | ||
BEAN/PEA FAMILY | FABACEAE | |
American Vetch | Vicia americana Muhl. ex Wild. Var oregana Nutt. | |
False Lupine | Thermopsis rhombifolia (Nutt. ex Pursh) Richardson | |
Lance Leaf Scurf Pea | Psoralea lanceolata Nutt. | |
Lodgepole Lupine | Lupinus parviflorus Nutt. | |
Mountain Thermopsis | Theropsis montana Nutt. var montana | |
Northern Sweetvetch | Hedysarum boreale Nutt. var camescems Nutt.. | |
Nuttall's Licorice | Glcyrrhiza lepidota Nutt. ex Pursh. | |
Painted Milkvetch | Astragalus cermicus E. Sheldon | |
var. Orobus longifolius Nutt. | ||
Pulse Milkvetch | Astragalus tenellus Pursh var. Orobus dispar Nutt. | |
Silvery Lupine | Lupinus argenteus Pursh. var. pariflorus (Nutt.) Hitchc. | |
Summer Clover | Trifolium longipes Nutt. | |
Wooly Clover | Trifolium microcephalum Nut. | |
BIRCH FAMILY | BETULACEAE | |
Mountain Alder | Alnus tenuifolia Nutt. | |
BORAGE FAMILY | BORAGINACEAE | |
Rosette Tiquilia | Tiquilia nuttallii (Hook) Richardson | |
Mertensia oblongifolia (Nutt.) G. D |
||
Hackelia patens (Nutt.) I.M. Johnst. var. patens |
||
BROOMRAPE FAMILY | ORPBAMCJACEAE | |
Clustered Broomrape | Orobanche fasciculata Nutt. | |
BUCKWHEAT FAMILY | POLYGONACEAE | |
Eriogonum caespitosum Nutt. |
||
Eriogonum cernuum Nutt. |
||
Eriogonum ovalifolium Nutt. var. ovalifolium |
||
Eriogonum microthecum Nutt. var. laxiflorum Hook. |
||
Eriogonum heracleoides Nutt. |
||
var. angustifolium (Nutt.) T. & G. | ||
BUTTERCUP FAMILY | RANUNCULACEAE | |
Ranunculus sceleratus var. multifidus Nutt. |
||
Aconitum columbianum Nutt. var. columbianum |
||
Low Larkspur | Delphinium nuttallianum Pritzel. | |
Red Baneberry | Actaea arguta Nutt. (Rubra) | |
Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt. |
||
CACTUS FAMILY | CACTACEAE | |
Fragile Prickly Pear Cactus | Opuntia fragilis (Nutt) Hawthorne | |
CARROT FAMILY | APIACEAE | |
Fernleaf Desert Parsley | Lomatium dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance | |
Lyall's Angelica | Angelica arguta Nutt. | |
Mountain Sweet Cicely | Osmorhiza divaricala Nutt. ex. Torr. & Gray | |
Wyeth Biscuitroot | Lomatium ambiguum (Nutt.) J.M. Coult. & Rose | |
EVENING-PRIMROSE |
ONAGRACEAE |
|
Oenothera cespitosa Nutt. ssp. montana (Nutt.) Muntz |
||
Camissonia Parvula (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Raven |
||
Oenothera Nuttallii T. & G. |
||
Gaura coccinea Nutt. ex Pursh |
||
Epilobium paniculatum Nutt. var. paniculatum |
||
FIGWORT FAMILY | SCROPHULARIACEAE | |
Penstemon humilis Nutt. |
||
Castilleja angustifolia (Nutt.) B. Don |
||
Orthocarpus luteus Nutt. |
||
FOUR-O'CLOCK FAMILY | NYCTAGINACEAE | |
Sand Verbena | Abronia fragrans Nutt. | |
GOOSEBERRY FAMILY |
GROSSULAROICEAE |
|
Ribes cereum Doug. var. reniforme Nutt. |
||
GOOSEFOOT FAMILY |
CHENOPODIACEAE |
|
Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt. var. cabescens |
||
Atriplex nuttallii S. Watts | ||
HEATH FAMILY | ERICACEAE | |
Western Labrador Tea | Ledum glandulosum Nutt. | |
Pterospora andromedea Nutt. |
||
IRIS FAMILY |
IRIDACEAE |
|
Iris missouriensis Nutt. |
||
LILY FAMILY |
LILIACEAE |
|
Fritillaria atropurpurea Nutt. |
||
Zigadenus paniculatus (Nutt.) S. Wats. |
||
Sego Lily | Calochortus nuttallii Torr. & Gray | |
Western Turkey Grass/Indian Basket Grass | Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh.) Nutt | |
MALLOW FAMILY |
MALVACEAE |
|
Sidalcea oregana (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Gray |
||
MAPLE FAMILY |
ACERACEAE |
|
Acer grandidentatum Nutt. |
||
MINT FAMILY |
LAMIACEAE |
|
Dracocephallum parviflorum Nutt. |
||
Physostegia parviflora Nutt. |
||
Stachys palustris L. var. pilosa (Nutt.) Fern |
||
MUSTARD FAMILY | BRASSICACEAE | |
Bittercress | Cardamine oligosperma Nutt. | |
Thelypodium integrifolium (Nutt.) Endl. |
||
Lepidium Montanum Nutt. var. montanum |
||
Erysimum asperum (Nutt.) DC |
||
NETTLE FAMILY |
URTICACEAE |
|
Urtrica holosericea Nutt. |
||
|
||
NIGHTSHADE FAMILY | SOLANACEAE | |
Solanum triflorum Nutt. |
||
OLEASTER FAMILY | ELAEAGNACEAE | |
Sheperdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. |
||
Silver Buffalo-Berry | Shepardia argentea (Pursh.) Nutt. | |
PHLOX FAMILY |
POLEMONIACEAE |
|
Phlox longifolia Nutt. |
||
Linanthastrum nuttallii |
||
Polemonium viscosum Nutt. |
||
Collomia linearis Nutt. |
||
PINE FAMILY |
PINACEAE |
|
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. |
||
PINK FAMILY |
CARYOPHYLLACEAE |
|
Arenaria congesta Nutt. var. congesta |
||
ROSE FAMILY |
ROSACEAE |
|
Black Hawthorn | Crataegus douglasii var. rivularis Nutt. | |
Bush Oceanspray | Holodiscus dumsus (Nutt. ex Hook.) A. Heller | |
Bushy Cinquefoil | Potentilla paradoxa Nutt. | |
Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt. |
||
Rock Spiraea | Petrophytum caepitosum (Nutt.) Rydb. | |
Squaw Apple | Peraphyllum ramosissimum Nutt. | |
Rubus parviflorus Nutt. |
||
Sanguisorba occidentale Nutt. ex. T. & G. |
||
Western Chokecherry | Prunus virginiana L. var. demissa Nutt. | |
Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt. |
||
SANDLEWOOD FAMILY |
SANTAIACEASE |
|
Comandra unbellata (L.) Nutt. var. pallida (D.C.) Jones |
||
SAXIFRAGE FAMILY |
SAXIFRAGACEAE |
|
Lithophragma tenellum Nutt. var. tenella |
||
Lithophragma parviflorum (Hook.) Nutt. |
||
Small Prairie Star | Lithophragma glabrum Nutt. | |
SEDGE FAMILY |
CYPERACEASE |
|
Carex aurea Nutt. |
||
SUMAC FAMILY |
ANACARDIACE |
|
Rhus trilobata Nutt. |
||
VALERIAN FAMILY |
VALERIANACEAE |
|
Valeriana edulis Nutt. var. edulis Nutt. |
||
VIOLET FAMILY |
VIOLACEAE |
|
Viola nuttallii Pursh var. vallicola (Nels.) Hitchc. |
||
WILLOW FAMILY |
SALICACEAE |
|
Salix lucida Muhlenb. ssp. caudata (Nutt.) |
||
Salix exigua Nutt. ssp.melannopsis (Nutt.) Cronq. |
||
var. melanopsis | ||
Scouler's Willow | Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook var. flavescens Nutt | |
Salix exigua Nutt. |
Books
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